Pumping failure refers to the phenomenon that the pumping can not continue when the concrete pump and pipeline are in good condition. The common pumping faults are pipe blockage and pump blockage. Among them, pipe plugging has great influence on construction and is difficult to deal with.

1.堵管的征兆

1. Signs of pipe blockage

在剛剛出現(xiàn)堵管征兆時，應(yīng)及時采取措施，這對于防止堵管非常重要。在正常情況下，泵送油壓高值不會達(dá)到設(shè)定壓力，正常的泵送循環(huán)自動停止，主油路溢流閥發(fā)出溢流的響聲，就表明已經(jīng)發(fā)生了堵管。這時，只要打開反泵按鈕，使兩缸各進(jìn)行一、二個沖程的反泵循環(huán)，把管道中的混凝土吸回一部分到料斗后，通常就能排除堵塞。有時候這種反泵操作要進(jìn)行多次才有效。如多次反泵仍不能恢復(fù)正常循環(huán)，表明已經(jīng)堵管。

It is very important to take timely measures to prevent pipe plugging when the symptoms of pipe plugging just appear. Under normal conditions, the high value of pumping oil pressure will not reach the set pressure, the normal pumping cycle will stop automatically, and the overflow sound of the main oil circuit relief valve indicates that the pipe blockage has occurred. At this time, as long as the anti pump button is turned on to make the two cylinders carry out one or two stroke anti pump circulation respectively, and part of the concrete in the pipeline is sucked back to the hopper, the blockage can be eliminated. Sometimes this kind of anti pump operation has to be carried out many times to be effective. If the pump can not return to normal circulation for many times, it indicates that the pipe has been blocked.

2.堵管部位的判斷

2. Judgment of plugging position

發(fā)生堵管后，應(yīng)一邊進(jìn)行泵送—反泵操作，一邊讓其他人員沿著輸送管路尋找堵塞部位。一般情況是從泵的出口開始，未堵塞的管段會劇烈振動，而堵塞部位以后的管路是靜止的。還可用木錘敲打檢查，憑手感和聲音判斷堵管部位。錐管、彎管都易發(fā)生堵管。在長距離水平輸送時，如有管接頭漏漿，它后面的直管也容易堵塞。

In case of pipe blockage, the pumping anti pumping operation should be carried out at the same time, and other personnel should look for the blockage along the pipeline. Generally speaking, starting from the outlet of the pump, the non blocked pipe section will vibrate violently, while the pipe after the blocked part is static. You can also use a wooden hammer to knock and check, and judge the pipe plugging position by hand feeling and sound. Both taper pipe and bend pipe are easy to be blocked. In long-distance horizontal transportation, if there is slurry leakage at the pipe joint, the straight pipe behind it is easy to be blocked.
               

3.堵管的處理方法

3. Treatment of pipe blockage

在一邊進(jìn)行泵送—反泵操作，一邊沿管路檢查時，可以用木錘敲打被認(rèn)為是堵塞的部位，有時能使堵塞的骨料瓦解而恢復(fù)暢通；若敲打無效，不準(zhǔn)再用鐵錘或其它可能傷害管道的物件重?fù)?。如堵管部位判斷?zhǔn)確，只要把堵塞段管件拆下，其中已堵塞的混凝土，再裝回去，即可繼續(xù)泵送。如果堵管部位離管道未端較遠(yuǎn)，堵塞段被清理后回裝到管路，由于這段空管的氣塞作用，也會造成再次堵管。在這種情況下，應(yīng)將堵管段以后的管道混凝土用氣洗和水洗，再接管泵送。管線較長時，可分段拆洗。

During the pumping reverse pump operation and the inspection along the pipeline, the wooden hammer can be used to knock the parts that are considered to be blocked, sometimes the blocked aggregate can be disintegrated and unblocked; if the knocking is invalid, it is not allowed to use the hammer or other objects that may damage the pipeline. If the position of pipe plugging is judged accurately, as long as the pipe fittings in the plugging section are removed, the blocked concrete is removed, and then the concrete is put back, the pumping can continue. If the plugging part is far away from the end of the pipeline, the plugging section will be cleaned and installed back into the pipeline. Due to the air plugging effect of the empty pipe, the pipe will be plugged again. In this case, the pipe concrete after the pipe blocking section shall be removed by air washing and water washing, and then the pipe shall be pumped. When the pipeline is long, it can be removed and washed in sections.

4.防止泵送故障的措施

4. Measures to prevent pumping failure

要有合理的施工布置，包括輸送管道、混凝土泵及供料系統(tǒng)的合理布置；泵送混凝土的配合比要合理，質(zhì)量要好；保持泵機(jī)良好的工作狀況，料斗、S 管內(nèi)無干結(jié)的混凝土積渣，混凝土流道暢通；S 閥、出料口等部位密封良好；及時更換磨損件和調(diào)正磨損間隙；按規(guī)定做好維護(hù)保養(yǎng)工作；泵送中斷不要太長；正常操作，不違規(guī)操作；作好輸送管道的維護(hù)工作，不使用嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞的或未清洗干凈的管件。

There should be reasonable construction layout, including the reasonable layout of conveying pipeline, concrete pump and feeding system; the mix proportion of pumping concrete should be reasonable and the quality should be good; the pump should be kept in good working condition, there should be no dry concrete slag in hopper and S pipe, and the concrete flow channel should be smooth; s Valve, outlet and other parts are well sealed; timely replace wear parts and adjust wear clearance; do maintenance work according to regulations; pump interruption should not be too long; normal operation, no illegal operation; do maintenance work of transmission pipeline, do not use seriously damaged or not cleaned pipe fittings.